显示页面讨论修订记录反向链接回到顶部 本页面只读。您可以查看源文件,但不能更改它。如果您觉得这是系统错误,请联系管理员。关注首页公众号留言或者到建议留言! ====== 牛铃的生产 ====== The Portuguese cowbell is an idiophone percussion instrument with a single internal clapper, usually hung on a leather strap around an animal’s neck. It is traditionally used by shepherds to locate and control their livestock, and creates an unmistakable soundscape in rural areas. The cowbells are handmade from iron, which is cold-hammered and folded on an anvil until it is cup-shaped. Small pieces of copper or tin are set around the iron and enveloped in a mixture of clay and straw. The piece is fired, then plunged into cold water for rapid cooling. Finally, the burnt clay is removed, the copper- or tin-covered iron is polished and the tone of the bell is fine-tuned. The technical expertise involved is transmitted within the family from fathers to sons. Alcáçovas in Portugal is the main centre for manufacture of cowbells and its inhabitants take great pride in this heritage. However, this practice is increasingly becoming unsustainable due to recent socioeconomic changes. New grazing methods have largely obviated the need for shepherds and cowbells are increasingly made using cheaper industrial techniques. At present, there are only 11 surviving workshops and 13 cowbell makers, 9 of whom are over 70 years old. {{tag>非物质文化遗产}} ^{{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:葡萄牙:牛铃的生产:20180911-160239.png}}^^ ^国别|{{:images:flag:flag_of_portugal.svg?30|}} 葡萄牙 Portugal| ^中文名称|[[https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/manufacture-of-cowbells-01065|牛铃的生产]]| ^英文名称|[[https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/manufacture-of-cowbells-01065|Manufacture of cowbells]]| ^登录年份|2015| ===== 遗产详细介绍 ===== ===== 遗产图片 ===== {{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:葡萄牙:牛铃的生产:20180911-160249.png}}{{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:葡萄牙:牛铃的生产:20180911-160257.png}} ===== 遗产邮票 ===== ==== 主要邮票 ==== 发行国家/地区:葡萄牙 Portugal |[{{:民俗:欧洲:葡萄牙:pt201803.jpg|牛铃的生产}}]| ^2018 葡萄牙 非物质文化遗产 (3-3)^ 非遗/欧洲和北美洲/葡萄牙/牛铃的生产.txt 最后更改: 17月前由 青团00 登录