福建土楼

福建土楼通常是指闽西南独有约利用不加工的生土，夯筑承重生土墙壁所构成的群居和防卫合一的大型楼房，俗称“生土楼”。总数约三千余座，主要分布地区包括龙岩市永定县和漳州市南靖县、诏安县、平和县、华安县。福建土楼是世界独一无二的山区大型夯土民居形式，产生于宋、元，成熟于明末、清代和民国时期。福建土楼依山就势，就地取材，吸收中国传统建筑的“风水”理念，适应聚族而居的生活和共御外敌的防御的要求，被称为中国传统民居的瑰宝。

Fujian Tulou is a property of 46 buildings constructed between the 15th and 20th centuries over 120 km in south-west of Fujian province, inland from the Taiwan Strait. Set amongst rice, tea and tobacco fields the Tulou are earthen houses. Several storeys high, they are built along an inward-looking, circular or square floor plan as housing for up to 800 people each. They were built for defence purposes around a central open courtyard with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. Housing a whole clan, the houses functioned as village units and were known as “a little kingdom for the family” or “bustling small city.” They feature tall fortified mud walls capped by tiled roofs with wide over-hanging eaves. The most elaborate structures date back to the 17th and 18th centuries. The buildings were divided vertically between families with each disposing of two or three rooms on each floor. In contrast with their plain exterior, the inside of the tulou were built for comfort and were often highly decorated. They are inscribed as exceptional examples of a building tradition and function exemplifying a particular type of communal living and defensive organization, and, in terms of their harmonious relationship with their environment, an outstanding example of human settlement.

国别	中国 China
中文名称:	福建土楼
英文名称:	Fujian Tulou
类别:	文化遗产
登录年份:	2008
标准:	(iii)(iv)(v)

遗产范围包括：​

- 永定初溪土楼群（永定县下洋镇初溪村）：集庆楼、余庆楼、绳庆楼、华庆楼、庚庆楼、锡庆楼、福庆楼、共庆楼、藩庆楼、善庆楼共10座土楼

- 洪坑土楼群（永定县湖坑镇洪坑村）：振成楼、福裕楼、奎聚楼、光裕楼、如升楼、庆成楼、福兴楼共7座土楼

- 高北土楼群（龙岩市永定区高头乡高北村）：承启楼、五云楼、世泽楼、侨福楼共4座土楼

- 衍香楼（龙岩市永定区湖坑镇新南村）

- 振福楼（永定县湖坑镇西片村）

- 南靖田螺坑土楼群（漳州市南靖县书洋镇田螺坑村）：步云楼、和昌楼、振昌楼、瑞云楼、文昌楼共5座土楼

- 河坑土楼群（南靖县书洋镇曲江村）：朝水楼、阳照楼、永盛楼、绳庆楼、永荣楼、永贵楼，裕昌楼、春贵楼、东升楼、晓春楼、永庆楼、裕兴楼，南薰楼共13座土楼

- 怀远楼（漳州市南靖县梅林镇坎下村）

- 和贵楼（南靖县梅林镇璞山村）

- 华安县大地土楼群（漳州市华安县仙都镇大地村）：二宜楼、南阳楼、东阳楼共3座土楼

发行国家/地区：中国 China

福建民居 高北土楼群：承启楼
1986 中国 民居普通邮票 (14-13)

福建“承启楼”为圆形的砖楼与土楼，具有坚固、安全、省地、省材、防震隔热、冬暖夏凉的优点。这枚邮票图案上的土楼，就是一座同心多圆圈土楼，环环相套，天井和房屋包围在一个圆体之内。外环房屋高4层~5层，底层作厨房及杂用间，二层储藏粮食，三层以上住人。其他环房屋仅高一层。中央建过堂，供族人议事、婚丧典礼及其他活动使用。外墙下部不开窗，外观坚实雄伟，很像一座堡垒。邮票画面上的福建民居就很好地体现了当地民居的造型特征。

福建风光	1999	永定土楼
南靖土楼 PF90	2003	田螺坑土楼群

背景右侧上方为南靖田螺坑土楼群
2016 中国 文化遗产日 (2-2)

振成楼	二宜楼
田螺坑土楼群	承启楼
2021 中国 福建土楼 (4全)

发行国家/地区：其他国家或地区

邮票：承启楼，边纸：田螺坑土楼群
2010 香港 神州风貌系列第九号 (1MS全)